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Glucagon receptor antagonist (pA₂ = 7.2 for inhibition of glucagon-induced adenylyl cyclase activation in rat liver membranes); displays no agonist activity. Enhances glucose-stimulated pancreatic insulin release in vitro. Blocks added glucagon-induced hyperglycemia in normal rabbits without affecting glycogenolysis in vivo. Also blocks endogenous glucagon-induced hyperglycemia in streptozocin diabetic rats.

Bradykinin is a peptide that exhibits natriuretic, antioxidative, vasodilatory, and pro-angiogenic activities. Bradykinin stimulates bradykinin receptors and increases PLC activity, decreasing ENaC open probability, inhibiting distal nephron Na+ transport, and inducing natriuresis. In vitro, bradykinin decreases H2O2-induced senescence, increases activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and suppresses DNA damage, ROS production, and NADPH oxidase activity. Additionally, bradykinin increases expression of VEGF and promotes tube formation in prostate cancer cells.

This is a highly conserved polypeptide NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist. It acts through a potent noncompetitive inhibition of polyamine responses and is approximately 7-fold more potent than spermine.

[Gly22]-Amyloid beta-protein (1-42) causes early onset of Alzheimer′s compared to wild type and promotes protofibril formation and neurotoxicity.

This sequence corresponds to the sequence found naturally in mucin-type MUC5AC glycoprotein, but with 2 amino acid substitutions - a reflection of mucin molecule polymorphism. MUC5AC gene is mainly expressed in gastric and tracheo-bronchial mucosae.

[Ile76]-TNF-alpha (70-80) enhances human polymorphonuclear-mediated killing of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and reduces Plasmodium chabaudi parasitemia in mice, but does not have the typical toxic effects of TNF.

This motilin analogue stimulates gastric motor activity. [Leu13]-Motilin is more stable to plasmin and remains in the blood longer than natural motilin.

[Leu31,Pro34]-Neuropeptide Y is a highly potent an selective ligand for the Y1 receptor. High affinity neuropeptide Y Y₁ receptor agonist (K_i = 0.54 nM). Also shows affinity for Y₅ receptors.

B1 bradykinin receptor antagonist.

Bradykinins (BK) and related kinins are potent inflammatory mediators produced during acute and chronic inflammation. The two main ‘kinins’ in mammals are the nonapeptide bradykinin, BK (1-9) and the decapeptide kallidin (KD), [Lys0]-BK(1-10). Their biological actions are mediated by two distinct receptors, termed B1 and B2. BK and [Lys0]-BK are peptides which are released at high nanomolar concentrations into the tear-film of ocular allergic patients.

Human, Bovine, Mouse [Lys1015, 1024]-Thrombospondin-1 (1015-1024) peptide

An inhibitor for Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase

Lys8,Asn9]-Neurotensin (8-13) is a neurotensin related hexapeptide from chicken intestine

[Met2]-Deltorphin: The amino acid sequence of the prodermorphin precursor revealed, besides dermorphin, the existence of another peptide distantly related to dermorphin. This peptide was originally proposed as the predicted prodermorphin heptapeptide

For cellular and molecular biology applications

The scrambled peptide [Phe1; Ser2]-TRAP-6 (FSLLRN) may serve as an inactive control for TRAP-6; SFLLRN.

As neuropeptide Y (NPY) and other peptides of its family, [Pro34]-NPY, human, rat peptide adopts a folded hairpin structure with the terminal segments in close proximity. An intracerebroventricular injection of NPY or [Leu31, Pro34]-NPY (non-Y2 receptor agonist) given during middle cerebral artery occlusion increases the infarct volume and nitric oxide (NO) overproduction in the rat brain.

[Pro7]-Neurokinin B is a potent NK-3 receptor agonist

[Ser25]-PKC (19-36) Substrate is a high affinity Protein Kinase C pseudosubstrate

Other Names: [Thr30]-NPY, human

Trp3,Arg5]-Ghrelin (1-5) stimulates growth hormone secretion after oral or intravenous administration.  Administrated centrally, it increases food intake in non-fasted mice.

(Trp63,Trp64)-C3a (63-77), synthetic superagonist analog of complement 3a, was 12-15 times more active than natural C3a.

Neuromedin K belongs to the tachykinin family and may play an important role in the olfactory, gustatory, visceral, and neuroendocrine processing information. In addition, it is a potent bronchioconstrictor and has neruomodulatory roles in various brain functions.

also called: [Tyr22]-Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (22-42), human

Other Names: [Tyr0]-pTH-Related Protein (1-34), human, rat; [Tyr0]-pTH-RP (1-34), human, rat; [Tyr0]-Hypercalcemia Malignancy Factor (1-34)

Stresscopin & Stresscopin-related Peptide (Urocortin II & III)

• Human Urocortin II, a Selective Agonist for the Type 2 Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor, Decreases Feeding and Drinking in the Rat.
• Urocortin III is expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and stimulates insulin and glucagon secretion.
• Human urocortin II, a selective agonist for the type 2 corticotropin-releasing factor receptor, decreases feeding and drinking in the rat.
• Differential actions of peripheral corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), urocortin II, and urocortin III on gastric emptying and colonic transit in mice: role of CRF receptor subtypes 1 and 2.
• Human urocortin II, a new CRF-related peptide, displays selective CRF(2)-mediated action on gastric transit in rats.
• Urocortin reduces oxygen consumption in lean and ob/ob mice.
• Urocortin reduces food intake and gastric emptying in lean and ob/ob obese mice.

 
Sequences

[Tyr1]-Adipokinetic Hormone was used to raise an antiserum used in immunohistochemical studies of Locusta migratoria.

Other Name: [Tyr1]-pTH (1-34), rat

[Tyr1]-TRAP-7 is an antagonist to alpha-thrombin

Other Names [Tyr27]-alpha-Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (27-37), canine, mouse, rat

other name:[Tyr34]-Parathyroid Hormone (7-34) amide, bovine

other name:[Tyr43]-Parathyroid Hormone (43-68), human

other name:[Tyr63]-Parathyroid Hormone (63-84), human

[Tyr69,Ala71,72,Lys74]-C3a (69-77)-peptide is a potent inhibitor of C3a activity.

[Tyr8] Substance P is a neurotransmitter peptide that is distributed in sensory nerve fibers, bone, and bone-related tissue. It is involved in pain signal transmission and modulates the function of inflammatory and immune responses.

The synthetic octapeptide [Asn¹, Val⁵]-Angiotensin II acts as an angiotensin agonist and is involved in water and blood pressure regulation.

Angiotensin II (AT II) is a peptide produced from AT I by angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE). AT II binds the AT II type 1 (AT1) receptor, stimulating GPCRs in vascular smooth muscle cells and increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels; this results in contraction and vasoconstriction, increasing blood pressure. AT II also acts at the Na+/H+ exchanger in the proximal tubules of the kidney. Here, AT II increases reabsorption of Na+ and HCO3- and excretion of H+, increasing blood volume and pH and further increasing blood pressure.

This peptide contains the codon 234 mutational product.  Codon 234 is one of three codons with point mutations in Meth A sarcoma p53

This is a 26-amino acid neuropeptide belonging to the RFamide family.  It is expressed in the hypothalmus and has orexigenic properties, suggesting it may have a role in controlling feeding behavior.  It may also play a potential role in the control of the gonadotropic axis.

This neuropeptide; named 26Rfa; belongs to the RFamide peptide family. The primary structures of human; rat; and frog 26Rfa exhibit 80% identity; and the C-terminal octapeptide is fully conserved from amphibians to mammals. 

4A/4B, 5A/5B Peptide incorporates the P region of the NS4A/4B cleavage site and the P' region of the NS5A/5B from hepatitus C virus.

4B/5A peptide is a hepatitus C virus related peptide.

A peptide used to identify the effects of agonists and antagonists on the conformation of estrogen receptors.

Abltide is a peptide substrate for Abl Kinase (Abl protein tyrosine kinase), a partner in the gag-Abl fusion protein of the Abelson murine leukemia virus. Used in Western blot and kinase assay.

Ac-[Asn30,Tyr32]-Calcitonin (8-32), salmon I is a potent and selective antagonist of amylin-induced hyperglycaemia and hyperlactaemia. It has been used to demonstrate that amylin receptors mediate the anorectic action of salmon calcitonin.

Ac-[Leu28,31]-Neuropeptide Y (24-36) is a selective NPY Y2 receptor agonist.

other name: Ac-[Leu28,31]-NPY (24-36)

sterile and endotoxin free

other name: N-Acetyl-ACTH (1-17), human

sterile and endotoxin free

Acetyl-Amylin (8-37), human, completely reversed the inhibitory effects of amylin on 14C-glycogen accumulation in vitro.  It is an effective amylin antagonist with limited ability to block inhibition by CGRP.

sterile and endotoxin free

Application key: E- ELISA, WB- Western blot, IH- Immunohistochemistry, IF- Immunofluorescence, FC- Flow cytometry, IC- Immunocytochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, ChIP- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, EMSA- Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, BL- Blocking, SE- Sandwich ELISA, CBE- Cell-based ELISA, RNAi- RNA interference

Species reactivity key: H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat, B- Bovine, C- Chicken, D- Dog, G- Goat, Mk- Monkey, P- Pig, Rb- Rabbit, S- Sheep, Z- Zebrafish

sterile and endotoxin free

A 27-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Ac-Asp-Pro-Met-Ser-Ser-Thr-Tyr-Ile-Glu-Glu-Leu-Gly-Lys-Arg-Glu-Val-Thr-Ile-Pro-Pro-Lys-Tyr-Arg-Glu-Leu-Leu-Ala-NH2. An acetylated synthetic peptide from human calpastatin that strongly inhibits both calpains I and II but not papain (a cysteine protease) or trypsin (a serine protease).

other name: CALPASTATIN PEPTIDE;CS PEPTIDE HUMAN;CS PEPTIDE;ACETYL-CALPASTATIN (184-210) (HUMAN);ACETYL-CALPASTATIN HUMAN;ACETYL-CALPAIN INHIBITOR FRAGMENT (184-210) (HUMAN);ACETYL-SPERM BS-17 COMPONENT (184-210) (HUMAN);AC-CALPASTATIN (184-210) (HUMAN)

sterile and endotoxin free

Ac-[DTrp16]-Endothelin-1 (16-21) displays high affinity for the ET-A receptor and inhibits ET-1 stimulated arachidonic acid release in rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells.

sterile and endotoxin free

sterile and endotoxin free

sterile and endotoxin free

This peptide is reported to act as a partial agonist of the nocieptin/orphanin FQ receptor expressed in CHO cells. Also, this peptide acts as a competitive antagonist noc/OFQ-stimulated GTP-gamma (35) S binding in rat brain membranes.  

sterile and endotoxin free

Acetalin 1 has a high affinity for m and k3 opiod receptors.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormones (ACTH). ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex and the secretion of glucocorticoids such as cortisol. Another name for ACTH is corticotropin.

sterile and endotoxin free

Neuropeptide ACTH (adenocorticotropin) amino acids (1-39), Cat AS-20610, is the natural cleavage product from POMC (proopimelanocortin) processing; however, the first 24-amino acid sequence from the carboxyl end, ACTH (1-24) has full biological activity of the (1-39) peptide. Both ACTH (1-24) and (1-39) possess neurotropic activity. Potent ACTH/MC₂ receptor agonist (EC₅₀ = 5.5 nM). Stimulates glucocorticoid release from adrenal glands. Multiple biological activities. Anticancer reagent. Active in vivo.

sterile and endotoxin free

sterile and endotoxin free

sterile and endotoxin free

AFPLEF, highly conserved C-terminal region of ACTH

sterile and endotoxin free